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Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Pedagogics. Psychology. Philosophy

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No 1 (2024)
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PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES

5-14 217
Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of readiness of undergraduates for research activities. The article pays attention to the definitions of the essence of the categories “pedagogical conditions”, “organizational and pedagogical conditions”. It was concluded that it is necessary to develop organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of readiness of undergraduates of engineering and technical profile for research activities as an integral process in which the assimilation of the methodology of scientific work takes place. The developed organizational and pedagogical conditions are presented within the framework of the developed additional scientific and educational program

15-24 308
Abstract

The article is devoted to the consideration of the linguistic and cultural potential of a literary text in Russian as a foreign language classes. The relevance of this work is due to the need to implement one of the important methodological provisions – the principle of the relationship between language and culture. An artistic text accumulates the cultural memory of the people; therefore, it becomes a source of linguistic and cultural information, which is represented by linguistic units containing culturally significant components. The purpose of the work is to identify the linguistic and didactic potential of a literary text (using the example of a poetic text by Marina Tsvetaeva) for use in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article describes the cultural space as a way of reflecting the worldview of the people, reveals the interrelationships of text and culture, identifies and describes the features of an artistic text (imaginativeness, aesthetic function, emotional coloring, the presence of visual and expressive means, ambiguity and interpretability, manifestation of the creative individuality of the author). A literary text is considered as a source of linguistic and cultural information in three aspects: linguistic, cultural, and emotional. As a unit of learning, an artistic text is a complex and structured medium of information that performs a variety of functions: the development of competencies, the improvement of skills and abilities, the formation and development of critical and creative thinking, value attitudes, and support for metacognitive skills formed in the practice of mastering the native language and culture. The methodological development of a lesson in Russian as a foreign language is presented, in which the poetic text of Tsvetaeva is analyzed. During the lesson, students get acquainted with new words, comprehend the deep meanings laid down by the author of the text, identify visual and expressive means that ensure the realization of the emotional and aesthetic functions of the poetic text. Based on the work carried out, it is concluded that literary texts help students immerse themselves in the context of Russian culture and evaluate the cultural heritage of native speakers of the Russian language

25-32 256
Abstract

This article explores the methodology of teaching Russian as a second language, as well as the unique aspects of its acquisition by students whose native language is Chinese. It is noted that students universally make both general errors that are independent of their native language and specific errors that serve as indicators of their language proficiency. This paper presents a typology of errors commonly made by students whose first language is Chinese. Using the concept of linguistic deviation, this study examines the range of deviations in phonetic, lexical, grammatical, as well as syntactic aspects from standard Russian explained by differences between language systems at several levels in the mind of the emerging bilingual individual. The nature of these errors and strategies for their correction are considered. Additionally, the paper addresses the comparative ease with which educators can identify and rectify errors in students’ oral and written expressions versus the complexities involved in discerning inaccuracies in their comprehension of meanings. Through extensive practical engagement, educators aim to unearth, categorize, and address the diverse array of challenges and misunderstandings that Chinese students encounter in their acquisition of Russian, underlining the importance of their native linguistic background in this learning process. Guided by the insights of esteemed Russian linguist L.V. Shcherba, this study advocates for the constructive integration of students’ native languages into the learning environment, transforming potential obstacles into assets for language acquisition. By delving into these aspects, the article contributes to the pedagogical strategies for teaching Russian to Chinese speakers, aiming to enhance their linguistic proficiency and cultural understanding.

33-37 142
Abstract

The article discusses the features of organizing and conducting practice-oriented exams in the full-time undergraduate program. As part of the Future Skills project, the university promotes the development of the higher education system, paying special attention to the integration of advanced methods of training for new promising professions and expanding the set of skills necessary to create highly qualified specialists in the modern economy. Methodological recommendations were developed for the integration of modules into the educational process, which introduced curricula both into the main educational process and into elective classes. The Future Skills University project was implemented by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation together with the Agency for the Development of Skills and Professions, as well as with universities starting in 2021. The main goal of the project is to develop and disseminate best practices for training students in promising professions and skills that are relevant in the modern economy. One of the key features of the project is the introduction of individual Future Skills educational modules into existing university programs, which accelerates the integration of future skills and professions into real business and the economy, and also contributes to the development of the country’s human resources potential. The study is based on an analysis of the results of examinations conducted at our university in the period from 2022 to 2023.

38-43 113
Abstract

The relevance of the article reflects the rapid development of political-economic, culturaleducational and scientific relations between Russia and China, which determines the demand for training future specialists in Chinese studies in Russian universities. An emphasis is placed on training Chinese language teachers. Purpose: to consider the educational practice of Russian universities in training Chinese language teachers. The objectives are to describe the professional competencies of a foreign language teacher; characterization of forms, methods and means of training as language practice, cooperation with universities in China, participation of students in pedagogical support for schoolchildren studying the Chinese language (olympiads, competitions, festivals, projects, etc.). Methods: analysis of scholarly and pedagogical literature, generalization of practice. Results: the experience of organizing the educational process for students of the Institute of Modern Languages and regional Studies, M. K. Ammosov North- Eastern Federal University, is presented.

44-51 132
Abstract

The new digital culture, the prospects for the development of education in the third millennium, and the tasks of humanizing education objectively bring to the fore a philosophical understanding of ethnopedagogic methods of education in the context of the development of the regional education system. In the context of the transformation of value attitudes in the youth environment, an appropriate model of upbringing and education of young people is needed, associated with the creative development and formation of a holistic worldview culture, moral stability, and patriotic spirit. In modern conditions, the priority task is to identify the unique features of traditional ethnopedagogic methods of upbringing and education in the development of socio-philosophical research. From the point of view of methodology, this is achieved primarily by introducing students to a certain system of ethnocultural values, customs and traditions. In this regard, the article presents an analysis and description of the work experience of the Mandar Uus Kyhata summer school for young males. For many years, the summer school has been proactively developing, and currently this project works as an ethnocultural center developed by teachers of Bayaga community and A.E. Mordinov Tatta Lyceum, based on the teachings of Boris Neustroev – Mandar Uus. In this regard, the system of Yakut education “Uhuyu” is analyzed and characterized, which is an integral model of education and upbringing based on genealogical research methods of pedagogical dynasties. The presented model continues the traditions of ethnopedagogic methods of upbringing and education and is aimed at preserving, reviving, and spreading traditional ethnocultural and spiritual and moral values in the modern world. It emphasizes the importance of developing practical skills among students and the need for continuous selfdevelopment and adaptation to changing conditions. The results of the study can contribute to the field of socio-philosophical research that addresses the issues of studying the foundations of the pedagogical culture of the family in the context of the development of the regional education system. The experience and results of the work can be used in the development of regional programs for the implementation of family policy and social support for young people

PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES

52-61 158
Abstract

The article studies the features of motivation for playing sports in athletes of various age groups in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Involving the residents of the republic in physical education and sports, developing mass sports for the population of all ages, and making sports facilities accessible to the population are state objectives in the field of physical culture and sports. To systematize the population’s commitment to sports, quantitative data indicators are currently used, while the Strategy for the Development of Physical Culture and Sports of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 indicates that it is necessary to systematize qualitative indicators of the population’s commitment to sports. Therefore, we analyzed two groups of subjects, in terms of gender and age, to identify the features of motivation for playing sports, in ahletes of different age groups. The respondents were participants in the winter extreme marathon race “The Pole of Cold-Oymyakon 2023” and students studying at the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports of NEFU. To analyze the motivation for doing physical culture and sports, we used the Sports Motivation Questionnaire and “Study of V. I. Tropnikov’s motives for doing sports.” The results of the analysis showed that for the male athletes, the focus of motivation for playing sports is towards competitive activity rather than towards the training process; for female athletes, the focus of sports motivation is focused on the training process and competitive activity. In terms of age, the orientation of sports in young people and in athletes older than middle age, sports motivation is expressed for competitive activity, in middleaged athletes sports motivation is expressed for competitive activity and the training process. The priority motivations for playing sports among athletes participating in the winter extreme marathon race “The Pole of Cold-Oymyakon”, student athletes of the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports of NEFU, in all age groups for both men and women are “development of character and mental qualities”, “physical perfection”, “aesthetic pleasure and acuity of sensations”

PHILOSOPHICAL SCIENCES

62-73 141
Abstract

The author of this article describes the reception of the ideas of Belarusian philosopher Pyotr Karako in the context of tendencies of the Russian cosmism, Russian literature and Siberian existence, and the social doctrine of the Catholic Church. The author shows the implicit presence of these motifs in Karako’s works. A methodological approach of the author proceeds from a dialectical position, which united into a single whole a soulless but active thing and intellect which is able to comprehend and to give shape to soulless things. This dialectic, characterized by a rejection of the contrast between idealism and materialism, is based on a precise science and comprehensive study of the subject itself. Methods used: comparative, typological analysis of cultures method. The analysis of eco-consciousness’ sociodynamics was undertaken concerning Belarus and Siberia in the context of the Belarusian and Siberian cultural traditions’ interaction in their relations with New-European values, norms of progress. The sociocultural conditions of forming ecophilian transdisciplinary programs in the Belarusian and Siberian cultures were displayed. There were defined the prospects and possible directions of the transdisciplinary, crosscultural synthesis for solving contemporary ecological, anthropological problems. The text describes conditions, which determine a biological way of adaptation and behavior, as well as a type of civil existence, a style type of writing and thinking

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