The article deals with the topical issues of teaching Russian as a foreign language in state higher educational institutions of Turkey. The relevance of this study is due to the lack of a detailed description of an integrated approach that would determine the objective patterns of teaching and learning a language. Russian as a Foreign language teaching in Turkey is analyzed in detail in the article, as well as the accumulated experience in the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language in Russia and the People’s Republic of China is presented. The article examines the current situation on the application of an integrated approach in teaching Russian as a foreign language, presents innovative approaches of various authors on the subject, as well as some practical recommendations for Turkish citizens studying Russian. The author substantiates the further need for further creation of textbooks and teaching aids that will take into account the principles of an integrated approach to teaching aspects of language and types of speech activity necessary for high-quality teaching of Russian as a foreign language, as a specialty language, the communicative orientation of teaching, the possibility of individualization of the educational process. The prospects of the study consist in developing a practical approach to solving the above-mentioned problems that are relevant at the moment and introducing it into the educational space of Turkey.

The article presents an analysis of the adaptation of mechanisms for managing the development of territorial systems to changes in the external environment. Based on the study of changes in the network of educational organizations, the number and ethnic composition of students, projects and programs for the development of education in Yakutsk city, the characteristics of institutional changes in the educational system aimed at the development of human capital are given. The framework of the analysis is set by the transformation of the role of education management in the conditions of growing demographic heterogeneity. The transition to adaptive management of educational development based on taking into account the features of the educational landscape and the changes in the external environment is shown.

Abstract. In modern conditions, the issue of adapting best educational practices from friendly countries, including China, as one of the countries with positive dynamics in improving the quality of education, becomes relevant. For quite a long time, in the pedagogical community and not only in China, the essence of learning was considered a process in which teachers, using their knowledge, skills and techniques, teach students with the active and conscious participation of the latter. Even then, learning was considered as a process of cognition, a special process that differs from other similar processes in people’s lives in terms of the object of cognition, speed, and methods. In the late 1950s, the idea arose in the pedagogical community that in the educational process it is necessary to follow the equation «practice – theory – practice». For this reason, many scholars in China began to conduct research on the essence of learning. The purpose and objectives of the study were to analyze the theory and practice of studying the learning process, including methods, in China. One of them is situational teaching methods. At the same time, methods of theoretical analysis, synthesis, interpretation, and generalization were used. Main results: in the course of the analysis, successful practices of using methods of teaching and educating students were identified, a characteristic was given and features of situational teaching methods based on the Concept of situational learning by Li Jilin were given. These methods are presented as methods of «live» learning, which contribute to the observance of the principle «teaching – educate».

Abstract. In the conditions of rapid changes, instability and a high degree of uncertainty of the future, the problem of trust in the system of personnel training is extremely exacerbated. Trust in universities from the labor market today is becoming fragile [1]. Trust between the university and the employer is built through the National Qualifications System (NQS) of the Russian Federation as a tool for coordinating the demand for employee qualifications from the labor market and the supply from the education system. Universities face the urgent need for transformational changes in the field of management, the introduction of mechanisms for external assessment of the quality of education in educational activities. All of the above radically changes the traditional image of a classical university. One of the possible solutions to this issue is seen in the introduction of a corporate project management system, which was the subject of consideration in this article. The implementation of project management can provide the university with the opportunity to effectively use its own competitive advantages in the educational services market and adapt to external factors.

 The article analyzes new trends in the development of modern Russian studies related to the search by methodologists for effective forms and means of teaching the Russian language to foreigners. The ways and techniques of developing modern scientific thinking for the practical study of the Russian language by foreigners are explored; attention is drawn to the creation of a new vector of methods for teaching the Russian language to foreigners, associated with the democratization of language norms; talks about the role of digital technologies in philological education and new directions of disciplinary science – digital humanities and its sections such as “corpus technologies in philology”, “big data in philology”, “corpus linguistics”, “national corpus of the Russian language”; the role of literature in the system of teaching the Russian language to foreigners using end-to-end digital technologies is pointed out, the ideas of creating a new teaching model related to the education of a citizen of the world, a bearer of ethnic consciousness and mentality are considered, the idea of the pedagogical value of cybertext as a new type of educational text is put forward. The article reveals the concept of “digital ecumene” in relation to the methodology of teaching RFL at NEFU, indicates its role and place in the system of teaching Russian to foreigners; the author’s method of teaching Russian to foreigners is shown using practice-oriented traditions of semiotics, mnemonics, ergonomics, in the system of graphic-semiotic analysis of a work of art. The use of this methodology will help make the educational process more intensive, will contribute to the activation of cognitive and mental activity, the formation of an understanding of professional competencies, and the expansion and deepening of students’ information culture.

The article proposes a project for the development and implementation of a unified digital pedagogical platform «E-teacher» into the education system of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The project was developed to solve the problem of replenishing the shortage of teaching staff in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The problem of shortage of teaching staff in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is considered. One of the solutions to the problem is the introduction of a specialized unified digital platform for teachers. All teaching staff of the republic and students of pedagogical specialties will be included in the work of this system. With the successful implementation of the project of a unified digital pedagogical platform «E-teacher», it is possible to solve the problem of replenishing the personnel shortage in the education sector of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Currently, against the backdrop of strengthening friendship and cooperation between Russia and China, the demand for Russian language specialists with higher education in China continues to grow. This explains the desire of many Chinese universities and institutes to attract Russian teachers to improve the level of their specialist training. The article examines the experience of organizing the educational process by Russian teachers who currently teach Russian in Chinese universities; the existing problems between Chinese and Russian teachers in the organization of training are explored, the solution of which can significantly improve the level of training of specialists in the Russian language in Chinese universities.

This article is devoted to assessing the relationship between indicators of bilingualism and indicators of cognitive and emotional development in preschool children. Various measures were used to assess the level of bilingualism, including active language proficiency, comprehension, and switching between languages. During the study, it was found that the level of auditory-verbal intelligence remained at an average level, although the level of visual working memory turned out to be higher in children studying in the Yakut language. Children who study in the Yakut language showed higher visual working memory scores. However, the levels of development of auditory-verbal working memory were at an average level. In children who study in the Yakut language, the auditory-verbal memory turned out to be lower compared to visual memory. In children studying in Russian, the auditory-verbal working memory was more highly developed, while the level of cognitive control associated with restraining momentary manifestations and reactions corresponded to the age norms. Physical control was at a fairly high level. Also, during the diagnostic process, data were obtained on the emotional development of children. Children who master the Russian language during the learning process showed better results.

Art therapy technologies are widely used in educational, rehabilitation and social institutions. It is believed that the use of various methods of art therapy helps children and adolescents with disabilities to integrate into educational and rehabilitation processes. In the special and psychological-pedagogical literature, a wealth of material has been accumulated about the adaptive, corrective and therapeutic effects of art-therapeutic technologies, where the creative nature of the process of interaction between the psychologist and the wards serves as the basis. One of the most common and available methods of art therapy can be called isotherapy. The special literature emphasizes the effectiveness of isotherapy in the correction of the perceptual and emotional-volitional sphere, promotes the development of higher mental functions. This article presents the experience of monitoring the dynamics of mental activity of children with varying degrees of intellectual disability during rehabilitation, where one of the psychological and pedagogical influences was isotherapy. Research methods: observation maps for children with disabilities during isotherapy classes. The questions of the observation map are compiled on the basis of a three-level rehabilitation program using the method of isotherapy. To identify the links between the indicators of mental activity of the subjects, the r-Pearson correlation coefficient was used. In order to determine the effectiveness of isotherapy, Wilcoxon’s W-test is used. Results of the study a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of isotherapy in three different groups of children with disabilities is presented. The most noticeable positive changes are observed in the samples of children with moderate and mild mental retardation. For a group of children with severe intellectual and psychophysical disabilities, isotherapy classes help to pull some children up to an average level. The lack of positive dynamics in children of this group lies in the peculiarities of sensorimotor activity disorders, weak or almost absent differentiation of mental processes. Imagination deserves special attention in isotherapy classes, the study of which in children with intellectual disabilities is relevant in modern correctional psychology.

The year 2024 will witness the 300th anniversary of Kant, the philosopher, whose works, according to many researchers, began modern philosophy. However, the outstanding achievements of Kant, his “Copernican revolution”, the transcendental method did not appear from scratch. The revolutionary ideas of Kant absorbed the experience of outstanding representatives of antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the New Age. The political and socio-cultural situation in Europe in the 18th century also had a certain impact on the formation of his philosophy. Among the outstanding philosophers of the preclassical period, Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Thomas Aquinas should be noted. Hobbes, Locke, Newton, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Hume, Rousseau should be mentioned among the representatives of the New Age. Some of these philosophers influenced his ethical philosophy, which is beyond the scope of this work. It is advisable to consider all the above problems in the context of the coordinate system of the world based on the limiting dynamic equilibria, since Kant raised questions about the boundaries of the sensory sphere, reason, reason, and human freedom. He resolved many of them or outlined approaches to their solution. Kant also claimed to remove the contradictions between empiricism and rationalism – the main epistemological currents of the New Age; however, according to the researchers of his creative heritage, he did not succeed. At the beginning of his philosophical activity, Kant tried to find the ultimate foundations of metaphysics, the value of which Kant constantly emphasizes. He believed that this was necessary in order to elucidate the final foundations of reality. Kant continued the search for ultimate foundations in his “critical philosophy” in aesthetics, analytics, and dialectics. He revealed the boundaries of reason, sense, and free will. He drew the line between the “idea of God” – the “ideal of pure reason” and its actual capabilities.

The movement to protect cultural heritage is paradoxical because of the relationship between the age of Homo sapiens and the beginning of the movement to protect the best achievements of material culture. The last circumstance is related to a person’s awareness of his own identity. Therefore, the role of the organizational principle put forward by individuals is exceptionally great. A striking example of this is the decision of Pope Benedict XIV. The article discusses the material of public hearings on the protection of historical and cultural monuments in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which took place on July 17, 2015. The author puts forward the idea that the main reason for the social passivity of citizens is the incorrect application of the dialectic of the universal and the unique in the system of positively significant values of human existence, which negatively manifests itself in the upbringing of the younger generation.