From the history of Marxism: the influence of the environment and time. “Capital” in the 20th - 21st centuries

Abstract

The article investigates the formation of the personality of Karl Marx as a scholar and fighter for justice in the broad sense of the word under the influence of communication with his father Heinrich Marx and his bride’s father von Westfalen; also, some review of the life of working people in Germany is given. The personal psychological portraits of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels are analyzed. An answer is given to the question of why people with different characters and living conditions could be friends, jointly develop key theoretical problems of social, dialectical-materialistic philosophy, political economy. Some problems that remained outside the attention of Karl Marx are shown, since these white spots were associated with the level of development of modern capitalism to Marx, in contrast to capitalism of the mid 20th - early 21st centuries. The negative role of the individual and the party in the collapse of the USSR is emphasized.